Speech vs Language - What's the difference?

As speech pathologists, one of the most common questions we hear from parents is: "What's the difference between speech and language?"

It's a great question—because even though we often use the words speech and language interchangeably, they actually refer to two very different (but connected) parts of communication.

Understanding the difference can help you better understand your child's needs and how a speech pathologist can support them.

What is Speech?

Speech refers to the physical act of talking. It's about how we produce sounds using our lips, tongue, voice, and breathing. If speech is unclear or hard to understand, a child might have a speech delay or speech sound disorder.

Speech includes:

• Articulation – how we form sounds (e.g., saying "wed" instead of "red")

• Fluency – the rhythm of speech (e.g., stuttering or repeating sounds)

• Voice – how we use our vocal cords to produce sound (e.g., speaking too softly or with a hoarse voice)

Example:Luca says, "tat" instead of "cat." He understands and uses words correctly but has trouble producing certain sounds clearly—that's a speech issue.

What is Language?

Language is how we understand and use words to communicate ideas. It includes everything from vocabulary to grammar, sentence structure to social communication. Language can be spoken, written, signed, or even expressed through body language or pictures.

Language includes:

• Receptive language – understanding what others say

• Expressive language – using words and sentences to communicate

• Pragmatics – the social side of language (e.g., taking turns in conversation, using gestures)

Example:Lucy can say words clearly, but she struggles to follow directions or put words together into sentences. That's a language difficulty.

So... Can a Child Have Both Speech and Language Difficulties?

Yes! Some children may struggle with both speech and language. A speech pathologist can assess all areas of communication to identify where support is needed.

Why This Matters for Parents

Knowing whether your child has a speech issue, a language delay, or both can help guide the kind of therapy that will be most effective.

The good news? Both areas can be supported with early intervention, fun, play-based strategies, and simple tools you can use at home.

Final Thought

Every child's communication journey is unique. If you're unsure whether your child's speech or language is developing as expected, a speech pathologist can help guide you with an assessment, friendly advice, and practical support.

Fiona Tam - Speech Pathologist at Kids Inspired